Fonte: Wikipedia.

Rudolf Leuckart (Karl Georg Friedrich Rudolf Leuckart, October 7 1822, Helmstedt- February 6 1898, Leipzig)

Zoologist, graduated at the University of Göttingen in 1845, where he was qualified as zoology lecturer in 1847. Full Professor of Zoology at Giessen University in 1850 and from 1869 in Leipzig where in 1873 he became dean of the philosophical faculty and in 1877-1878 rector of the University. For his innovative research about parasites and as author of the fundamental work, Die menschlichen Parasiten (1863), he is considered the founder of the modern Parasitology, and to his name is dedicated the annual prize for Parasitology, the “Rudolf-Leuckart-Medaille”. To his innovative approach in Zoology is linked the description of the two new Phyla Coelentarata and Echinodermata, for the organisms previously assembled, by Cuvier, in the unique group of the “Radiata”. He looked at the changes in the anatomy of the organisms as an important basis for the comprehension of the evolution, and therefore between 1877 and 1892 he directed the production of a series of Zoological Wall Charts, that for their very rigorous morphological details have been a fundamental teaching aid in the universities around the world, up to the second world war.

Rudolf Leuckart Biography and Chronology details in Deutsche Biographie.
Leuckart Wall Charts in Phaidra.
Leuckart and Nitsche Wall Charts in Phaidra

Fonte: Wikipedia.

Hinrich Nitsche (February 14 1845, Breslau –November 8 1902, Tharandt)

Zoologist, studies at the Universities of Heidelberg and Berlin. In the latter he completed his doctorate in 1868. After graduation he worked as assistant to Rudolf Leuckart at Leipzig University. During the Franco-Prussian War he worked as a volunteer medical assistant. In 1875 he was appointed associate professor of Zoology at Leipzig, and the following year he became professor of zoology in Tharandt at the Königliche-Sächsische Forstakademie, that is included today in the University of Dresden.
As specialist of Bryozoa, he divided the phylum into two groups, Endoprocta and Ectoprocta.
He collaborated with Leuckart in the production of the Zoological Wall Charts, both creating and drawing some of these and specially as coauthor of the Erklärungen zu den Zoologischen Wandtafeln, the textbook with detailed explanations intended for teachers written in three languages, German, English and French, and published by Theodor Fischer in Cassel from 1877. In his honor is named the Nitsche's bush viper (Atheris nitschei).

Hinrich Nitsche Biography and Chronology details in Deutsche Biographie.
Rudolf Leuckart and Nitsche Wall Charts in Phaidra

Paul Pfurtscheller (November 20 1855, Salzburg, February 5 1927, Vienna)

Zoologist. After obtaining his Ph.D in Sciences at the University of Vienna, in 1879, he teached almost continuously at the Franz-Josef Gymnasium in Vienna until he retired in 1911.
From 1877 he was a member of the Zoological and Botanical Society. From 1902 onwards he produced a series of Zoological Wall Charts (at the end they were 39) to illustrate his teaching lessons. Soon the charts were used by the University Zoological Institute and, appreciated by eminent zoologists, became common in German speaking Countries and elsewhere.

Paul Pfurtscheller Biography and Chronology details in Universitätssammlungen in Deutschland.
Pfurtscheller Wall Charts in Phaidra.

Rémy Perrier (June 14 1861, Tulle –June 27 1936, Chaunac)

French zoologist, Officer of Legion d’Honneur, he studied Physics and Natural Sciences at the École normale supérieure – Paris. Doctor of Natural Sciences at the Sorbonne – Paris, from 1926 to 1931 he was a professor of Zoology at the Faculty of Sciences in Paris, specialized in research on the Gasteropodes Prosobranchia. He is also remembered for his study of sea cucumbers, being credited with creation of the taxonomic genus Gastrothuria.
He took part in the creation and production of a large number of collective Zoology works, like the Précis de Zoologie and the Nouveau dictionnaire des Sciences et de leurs applications.
He is the Author of a series of important textbooks, largely employed in the schools, among these Éléments d'anatomie comparée and Cours élémentaire de zoologie.
He is famous above all for his work in ten volumes Faune de France en tableaux synoptiques illustrés conceived and produced from 1923 onwards with the collaboration of numerous specialists of the French Faune and partially published posthumous.
Starting from 1923 together with Casimir Cépède creates a series of wall charts dedicated to the teaching at University of Comparative Anatomy and Zoology.

Rémy Perrier Biography and Chronology details in Le comité des travaux historiques et scientifiques.
Rémy Perrier & Cépède Wall Charts in Phaidra.

Casimir Cépède (March 4 1882, Cannes –December 23 1954, Paris)

Zoologist, naturalist, biologist and popularizer.
Chevalier Legion d’Honneur, gold medal in the centenary of Pasteur.
“Docteur en Sciences Naturelles” at the Sorbonne – Paris, with the thesis Recherches sur les infusoires astomes, was Assistant of Zoology at the Faculty of Sciences in Paris.
Founding member of the French society of Microscopy, he is involved in many activities, pertaining both to Zoology education and research. His studies on Artic plankton collected in the historic mission of J. Charcot are relevant.
He produces important activities concerning the sanitation systems in military and civil communities.
He creates models of insects which can be disassembled for teaching the characteristics of the insects of the marshes for medical and scientific teams.
He develops a tuberculosis vaccine and one against the Spanish flu, both widely used. Creates the Bacteriology and Parasitology Clinical Course at the École technique supérieure de Scientia – Paris.
He founds in Paris the Institute of Applied Biology for the study of infectious diseases and their consequences, which he directed until his death. Alongside of Hematology studies and Pharmaceutical Botany, the Institute will produce thirty curative vaccines internationally sold.
In collaboration with R. Perrier, since 1923 the develops the collection of educational Wall Charts of Zoology and Comparative Anatomy "Rémy Perrier et Cépède" for university teaching.

Casimir Cépède Biography and Chronology details in Institut Pasteur.
Rémy Perrier & Cépède Wall Charts in Phaidra.

Some specificities in the work of the authors of the wall charts

The excellent accuracy of the graphical representations is a common trait of all the zoological wall charts, and reflects the extraordinary knowledge by the authors of the morphology of the organisms illustrated. The great precision of the wall charts explains their popularity as teaching aid in universities, at international level, from the second half of the nineteenth century, and suggests how much they really contributed to the sharing of a common knowledge about the Metazoa morphology.

Moreover, it is worth underlining some important interpretative and stylistic differences between the various authors. The systematic aspect is particularly stressed in the Leuckart and coworkers charts: the external anatomy and the internal one, in both entire or dissected animals, is represented, without any reference to the environment where animals live. In the charts by Pfurtscheller animals are represented in a stereoscopical and dramatic way (see for example Astropecten aurantiacus and Astacus fluviatilis). Charts of the Rémy Perrier & Cépède Collection illustrate not only the morphological traits, but also the ethological and ecological aspects (see for example the tables of Orthoptères Acridiens and that of Mimétisme), and the life cycles (see the table of Hémosporidies du Paludisme and that of Infusoires Ciliés, Conjugaison du Paramecium caudatum).