In the sixteenth-century anthology, De balneis there is a lot about the thermal place near Padua described by various authors: Bartolomeo da Montagnana (1380-1435 ca) famous physician from Padua, Michele Savonarola (1385-1468), Paduan professor and physician to the Este, Domenico Bianchelli (1440-1520 ca), Bartolomeo Viotti (d. 1568) and Ludovico Pasini, who put into verse a mythological origin of the place after the death of the giant Horton killed by Jupiter and buried there. There are descriptions of the baths of Abano, Monteortone, San Bartolomeo, Sanctus Petrus (San Pietro Montagnon) and Montegrotto, i.e. Mons Aegrotorum, or "monte degli ammalati" (hill of sick people), as Paduans still call the Euganean Hills, "a veteribus nostris sic nominatus" (Savonarola, c. 17v), the baths of Sancta Helena, that is the natural thermal cave of Sant'Elena in Battaglia Terme, now abandoned, and the Domus novae, built as salt factories following the experiments undertaken there by Jacopo Dondi (1293-1359 ca), also known as Dall'orologio (of the clock), for the controversial attribution of the astronomical clock for the Carraresi family traditionally identified with the one still working in Piazza dei Signori in Padua. In the collection, De balneis there is an essay on the subject, preceded by the treatise De fontibus Patavinis by the son, Giovanni Dondi (1330-1388), who was also a physician, but famous for the Astrarium. In the work, there are descriptions of the nature of waters of the Euganean thermal baths and the illnesses for which they are prescribed, from pulmonary and respiratory ones to those of the skin, from muscle pains to nerves: the thermal waters are a remedy against all defects caused by the cold and wet humours. The ways to use hydrotherapy are indicated, "Sive interius per potum, sive exterius per balneum, & contactum aquae seu per stupham, & vaporem solum" (c. 108), and the muds.

Francesco Frigimelica (1490-1558), professor of practical medicine in Padua, was best known for his ground-breaking research in the field of thermal treatments (baths and mud, but also drinking treatments with mineral water), which results contributed to De balneis metallicis artificio parandis in 1550, but only published in 1659 in Padua by Rhodius, for which there is a copy in the Library of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences of the University of Padova (digital copy).
The Euganean thermal baths are mentioned: Frigimelica contributed to the use of some of the sources in the area. In fact: "On 3 Nov. 1554, the College of Physicians of the Padua medical school officially engaged Frigimelica and his colleagues, P. Crasso and O. degli Oddi, to restore the thermal baths of Abano, which were in deplorable conditions, into working order so that infirm people could be transferred there from the hospital in the summer along with the students. Thermal treatments became, also thanks to his work, a specialised discipline of clinical medicine" (entry from the Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani, vol. 50, 1998).

An eighteenth-century description of the Euganean thermal baths can be found in the work by Domenico Vandelli (1735-1816) Tractatus de thermis agri Patavini, published in Padua in 1761 (digital copy), of which two plates are reproduced from the copy held at the Library of the Botanical Garden of the University of Padova.